24 May 2026

Defender 110: 12v Electrics Installation

After two weeks of discussion, research, purchases and head scratching, I now have all the parts for the planned system ready to install. The decision was made to move the main battery into a separate place with all the rest of the electrics. This means extending the cables from the starter and to the earth. It also means I now have under the passenger seat a s toolbox. Great stuff!

Wiring was also a big question. 6mm, 16mm. 50mm, colour coding, copper or tinned copper... I ended up going to another mate who knew about this stuff and asked for help. In exchange for my help building a log store for their house, I got all the advice I could ever need and a load of parts at discounted prices. I then installed the whole lot myself, with my mate looking over my shoulder. That helps me a lot for future problem solving.

Most of the main parts came from a company called 12 Volt Planet, with a bunch off eBay once I'd finally got the plan sorted. I asked on a Facebook group for 12v camper electrics and got some really helpful replies. These helped me to draw up the wiring diagram below.


I made a couple of mistakes straight away whilst purchasing stuff. I got so focussed on output of each part of the system, that I forgot to keep an eye on individual item dimensions. This created complications during the install period and meant I had to adjust planning accordingly. The solar panel was great output and dual sided, so redundancy built in, but it was too big! The Lithium battery was way bigger than I thought too. Oops 😏




My mate, Chris, who is a real electronics genius helped me with the planning and install. he has knackered both his hands and has some serious health issues these days unfortunately, so can't do the fiddly work, but knows the process inside out. So over a few days, spread over a couple of months, we slowly worked on the install. Once it was all in place, I was supposed to test it to see how it works, but so far two sets of plans have been changed last minute and so the test phase is still to be done. 

Hey ho, a trip to Scotland needed I think.

Defender 110 Camper: Electrics for Offgrid and Expedition

This is my worst area of knowledge. I just don't get how it all works and links together. A mate of mine always says, just think of electric as water. It flows in the same way. That only helps upto a point, then when things get complicated, I lose the flow! 😏

I started out from the opposite to most folk I guess. What did I want, then how do I get that. Basic was what came back after thinking about things. Lights to read/repair by, charging for laptop, camera, small stuff etc. Most of this can be charged whilst driving, so I bought 12v chargers for everything I could.

I first looked at a petrol generator. They are cheaper than an electric set up, take up less space and are proven reliable. They are generally also easy to fix in the field and require only an oil and filter change periodically. Downside, some noise whilst in use and carrying petrol. I liked this idea and I definitely liked the purchase price. Plus, I'd used big diesel generators in remote places many times and knew their issues. Around £300 gets you a 1Kva petrol generator from a major manufacturer. They weight around 16kg plus 10 litres of petrol at 10kg., so a max weight of 26kg.

I looked at the solar option. This is all the rage these days, with the argument it's better for the planet etc etc… I highly dispute that after looking into the initial build, lifespan and eventual disposal of each part. Yes, they are 'clean' whilst in use, but at material sourcing, manufacture and disposal, they are a nightmare. 

Lifespan is also an issue. Every single electronic gadget I've used in remote places has broken, which left a dead weight on vehicles and a hole in problem solving. The purchase price is also painful. Around £800 - £1000, with lots of parts to buy and bolt into the truck. The positive is its supposed to be an upfront purchase price only, then years of service reducing any costs. Time will tell I guess.

An in between option is a power pack. These are all the parts of the solar option, but as a standalone box that is recharged by either 240v mains or solar panel. They come in at around £700 for the box and weigh around 15kg. Biggest issue with these is redundancy. Once they fail, they are a dead weight and you can't just replace a component. 

Weight is also an issue. The 100amp lithium battery weights 14kg. Solar Panel 14kg, the Victron solar charger and DC DC charger weighs around 4kg, the fuses, wiring, switches, monitors etc all come in at around 8kg. So a rough total of 40kg. 

That's a considerable difference to a petrol generator, even with extra fuel, and will effect the vehicle overall fuel usage over time. That's an added cost that is not factored into any calculation I've found for the cost of these systems so far. 

My final choice was a mix of three options.
1. Mains battery to leisure Lithium battery via DC DC charger
2. Solar panel to Lithium battery via solar controller
3. 240v Hook up using extension cable + connector

The thinking behind this choice is to have multiple systems in one vehicle, mainly to build in some redundancy as well as having a totally separate system which can be linked to a replacement power source if needed and/or available. A lot of charging can be done on the move at 12v, the rest when parked up. 

The key failure point of the whole setup is the lithium battery. That is the only single point. At least these can be replaced most places these days. And if it all fails, I'll just find another battery or a petrol generator, plug it in when needed and stick to that!

Installation is in a separate post, but the basic plan is below.




Defender 110 Camper Conversion: Camper Build

Once I'd emptied the back of the Landy, I gave the entire space a wash out. Years of accumulated work material, small stones, dog hair, mud and rust had gathered in the nooks and crannies. So a mix of hose pipe, brushes and small pointy things cleared all the debris out and left a metal box covered in loads of stains from grease, food dents etc. Once the water had all dried out, the stains were all washed away with brake cleaner. Another drying session, then it was out with the rust converter onto a couple of the steel corner supports that every Landy has on the van sides, before two coatings of red oxide primer as a base. 

Whoever had owned the Landy before had clearly bolted several things to the wheel arches. Now, all that was left were the bolt holes. These leaked water in all the time, so needed sealing. After hunting around for awhile for a solution, I finally settled on using the galvanised discs from plug socket wall mounts bonded to the body with JB Weld. The glue should provide enough space between the two metals that any galvanic corrosion is delayed for a long time. The red oxide and Chawton White paint should then add a layer of sealant from the air. The whole lot will then have a layer of sound proofing and plywood, so there should be virtually no wear on those areas going forward. 

Next up was sort out the extra wiring loom in the back. These included all kinds of things for flashing lights, internal lights, venting and god knows what else. This needed sorting out and/or removing. That was a messy chore. Alongside this, holes had been cut where these wires were brought into the rear compartment, so these needed grommets to close them off.

I'd bought a can of Land Rover Chawton White 'brush on' paint to coat the back bed, but upon opening the can, it was more of a cream colour, so I'm glad it's going to be covered up by panels now. I looked at using Raptor Bed Paint, which is a paint mixed with a hardener and used for pick up truck back beds. It's supposed to be really tough and hard wearing. I ended up choosing the polyeuroathane ceramic paint though as it was all going to be covered up and that option was cheaper. It took seven days for the painting/drying process, interrupted by Storm Amy sweeping across the UK. The Chawton paint turned out to be a special type of coating that hardens as it dries. So, in effect the same process as Raptor paint. 

Once all of the cleaning, painting and tidying had been done, the next part was to install the sound proofing. I used a 7mm, sticky backed version, bought from eBay. It's used for VW camper builds, so is good quality. This went on the wheel arches, the roof and the side panels. It worked well for the most part, sometimes catching on things and being difficult to peel of the backing paper, which required patience.

Cutting the side panel boards took some time and several sets of measurements. These were covered in stretchy carpet with some aluminium foil on the back for added insulation. The carpet came with spray glue and it was a simple case of sticking the carpet and insulation to each board, I backed that up with a staple gun in key places. I mounted them the next day. The passenger side board was thicker plywood as it was going to be the attachment point for the storage cupboards, whereas the drivers side only had to carry some mesh net for storing soft things like towels etc. 

I'd decided to leave the thick rubber mat on the floor as it was hard wearing, easy to clean and provided both sound and heat insulation. I cut a square into the part above the fuel pump, as I knew I needed to change the fuel pump before I go overseas, it is whining these days, and maybe due to fail. 

The passenger side was a mix of 9mm and 11mm plywood. The 11mm did the load carrying/stabilisation uprights and the 9mm the shelves and fascia boards. Once it was all installed, I painted the whole lot with several coats of undercoat and a green colour for the final finish. 

The bed side, had the 11mm ply to build the under bed storage spaces, then 9mm as a base board. The actual bed board was 18mm ply, with some of the aluminium insulation glued in place, then a foam mattress covered with the last of the stretchy carpet. The plan for this was for it to be removable, so it could be aired or removed a needed. Whilst in use as a bed, it would have a sheet on it and I liked the idea of a quilt instead of a sleeping bag, these could be cleaned easier than any sleeping bag. 

The electrics all lived under the centre box, which was built underneath the bulkhead. (More about this in the electrical installation post). I cut a central hole in the wooden part of the bulkhead, mainly as an escape route if something blocked the back door. I'd found in Tunisia that the rear door lock could seize and the spare wheel carrier could be closed, which meant I couldn't get out of the back of the truck. This solved that problem. 

The ceiling was covered with some thin tongue and groove board. This fit well for the most part, but as the roof curved on both sides, these bits had some gaps. I tried to hide them, but they remained visible, so in the end I just figured, it's a Landy, it's not meant to be perfect!

Two Ikea drawers were mounted into the front shelf behind the passenger and drivers seats. Things like electric testers, fuses, light bulbs, sewing kit, head torch and a bunch of other things would live in there. I also have two 'tits' to store gloves and plastic bags etc, which sat above the boxes. A lot of useful, small storage places for all the little things that are useful now and then. 

There were quite a few tricky parts to building of the back, mostly cutting out odd shapes that the back of vehicles have in abundance. In total it took about fifteen days to complete the install, minus some drying time for paint. I'm pretty happy with the result. Time will tell if it works well and lasts. 

The final touches were things like stretchy nets to stop tubs from falling out, straps to keep water containers, cooker etc in place and some personal things that I have had for years which remind me of good people and/or places. 

There was a delay fitting the electrics, so for a week, I just lived with the build and drove around. It was a good chance to see if anything was annoying or if there were any silly noises, which so far, there didn't seem to be. 

I still need to add in the GPS/phone mounts into the front cab, then as underneath the passenger seat will become the travelling tool box, it'll need a thorough clean, rust treatment and re paint. Also, all of the passenger door seals are damaged, so both noise and rain get in. New ones will be installed before I set off. 

The actual camper build cost around £450 in total. That was wood, insulation, glues, screws, paints and the extras. Well within budget so far. 



Defender 110: Expedition Roof Rack Set Up

After researching a fair bit, then finding a great expedition style roof rack on eBay, I set about boarding the base and sorting out how I was going to store stuff on there for a longer trip.

Weight and its distribution. That's the key. Too much weight and in the wrong place and over the truck goes in rough terrain, especially dunes. It also make a difference to wind noise levels and how much fuel your truck uses as it travels. 

Storage solutions were explored across the internet and I settled on two aluminium lockable boxes as a start. 

A solar panel would also go on top. As I hadn't found an auxiliary fuel tank I could afford, it had to be fuel containers. These can be side mounted, (so on the rear side panels) or roof rack mounted. I favoured the roof rack as I was very reluctant to drill holes in the side body and I'd used a similar system in the Antarctic on sleds, so knew what was needed. That, and the thought that 25kg + x 2 on each of the side panels will just create vibration holes that will compromise the side panels over time. I already have three plastic fuel containers that have been used for years, so I'll take these and upgrade as needed. 

Next up was drawing out the various items on a sketch and checking the measurements. Problem 1 soon appeared. I concentrated so much on the solar power output, I forgot to check it's dimensions! So when the one I ordered arrived, it was bigger than expected. That changed all the planning. 

My initial thoughts were to have the alloy boxes and jerries' at the back, with the solar panel at the front. This thought was mainly based upon weight distribution for the suspension. However, the solar panel issue forced a re-think. Also wind noise whilst driving played a part. It turns out, wind noise is reduced if the boxes and fuel are at the front and the solar panel is also better protected if it is at the back. So version 5 of the planning took account of these updates. 

A big issue was the second spare tyre. I could mount it on the bonnet, but I really wanted it on the roof and out the way. The size of the solar panel however killed that idea. I'll come back to that bit later.

So, back to practical stuff. I bought some 5.5mm plywood to use as a base board. The roof rack is an odd size for a sheet of standard ply, so three sheets were needed. The front and back need a 147cm width and 122cm depth which left a gap of 31.5cm. Once cut to the basic size, I then needed to cut out the notches for the upright bars on the rack so the boards would sit onthe bottom bars properly. That was easier to do correctly when the board was resting on the top bar rather than with measurements as each measured version ended with an error at the last notch. Once these were cut out, then it was four coats of varnish to try to weatherproof the boards a bit. The final part was to fit the boards to the rack and tie them down. I just drilled holes and used cable ties for this as it was the easiest option I'd found.

The base board is thin as I was conscious of general travelling weight. Where I need it to be a bit stronger, I've glued on supporting sections of either 11mm or 18mm ply. Under the solar panel and the aluminium boxes, there was no need for thick ply and the fuel only need a wooden bar to prevent them from sliding sideways. Although, I'll maybe add a second baseboard under them. The main reason for that is they are heavy and awkward when full, (25kg each). It's easy to drop them and they would go straight through the 5.5mm. 

For the solar panel, I plan to raise it off the rack by about 70mm. I made some ply brackets for either end. Underneath, I will store two 50mm deep fibreglass waffle boards. These will be in addition to the plastic recovery boards and mainly used for bridging and adding length in any 'stuck vehicle' situation. they'll provide some support for the panel as well, although, I'll need to protect the solar face on the underside for later use.  

The final part to this part of the truck is the mounts for the farm jack, a shovel/mattock and a rear door awning. The shovel clamps came from eBay, £17 for 4. I may yet mount them onto the bonnet, but wind noise and I'd like to put a black water bag on there. For the farm jack, I decided to make my own brackets from some old bits of steel I have in a box. They have been bolted to the base board with some extra wooden pieces to absorb shock and level up the longer bar section. 

ARB are the only ones making rear door awnings in the UK it seems at the moment and I couldn't find a second hand one anywhere. So that's £200. Terrafirma make the shovel mounts, or you can get the same thing on eBay for half the price. I'll make home made steel brackets for the farm jack as I refuse to pay £54 for two small pieces of bent steel plate, which is what Hi Lift want for their RAC mounts.   

Total costs for the roof rack soon added up; £629 in total
Roof rack + ladder £150
Mileage 284 mile round trip £65
5.5mm Ply boards x 3 £63
2.5l x 2 Exterior Varnish £34
Aluminium boxes x 2 £100
Cable ties £3.00
Awning £200
Shovel Clamps x 4 £17.00




Planning: Defender 110 Van into a Camper...

The list for what is needed for converting a standard Defender 110 into a long distance camper/overlander vehicle is pretty big. I seem to have had spreadsheet fever come over me. 😅

List after list, so much online research to confirm the things I'd already researched a dozen times over the last 2 years! I started out with a cost of around £6000, but I've whittled that back to around £3500. Mostly by trimming all the posh stuff. The Poptop roof at £4000 went, as I decided I like to be inside the van. So the roofrack then became an option. I budgeted around £600 for a metal flat rack, but found this one at £150. I've also binned the idea of the side locker boxes for now. £600 for each box is just too expensive. They would be convenient I'm sure, but I can travel a long way on £1200. 

I found two lockable aluminium boxes for the roof rack for £100. These are used on lorries and look pretty robust. I also found heavy duty plastic lorry side lockers for £35 each. I just need to check the dimensions as again.

The winch idea got binned as well. I haven't needed one in nine years of ownership and they are generally not needed in a desert environment, so both money and weight saved by not carrying one on the front end. Interestingly, I studied using the farm jack and a Turfor winch for rescue of a 4x4. Both are lighter and cheaper. They are less efficient of course, so as I'll carry a farm jack anyway, I'll stick with that option.

A drive to Liverpool to collect the roofrack I'd found, saw an early morning start and time to think/plan. I need to put a board of some kind onto the roofrack, then add the lockable aluminium boxes, some fuel and water containers, a solar panel and an extra spare wheel for desert travel. I haven't fitted the ladder yet as well as I need to remove a rusty security lock set up that was on the truck when I bought it. 

Once back home, a large parcel had been delivered from Mud Stuff. That's £250 of toys. Their cargo rails, some mesh pockets, an elbow pad and several cargo clips. The cargo rails will go onto the side of the van and carry the metal sandboards on a bracket which I have to custom make as I haven't found anything that does what I want. Hopefully, it should fold down to make a usable flat surface. In the UK, metal sand boards are hard to find, so I'll hunt around in Germany and Morocco, once I'm en route to the Sahara. 

The price of things like plywood and any kind of building product has skyrocketed in the UK since the Brexit fiasco. I was really shocked to see a 500ml can of undercoat for £23 in B&Q yesterday. These were around £7 a couple of years ago. Wickes seem to have 1 litre ones for the same price. So guess where I'm off to next... At this rate, this build will double in cost from a coupe of years ago now.

The kit I need to buy is split into two parts. Camper van and Travel. The camper stuff includes all the things to build the camper aspect in the back. So plywood, tongue and groove, stretchy carpet, lighting, electrics etc etc. The travel side is things like recovery kit, roofrack, navigation kit, service items, vehicle protection etc etc. 

From years of travelling, I have all the personal stuff, things like a camping cooker, chairs, folding tables, sleeping bags, clothing etc which all live in a cupboard awaiting use. I just need to be very prudent when I choose what I'm taking as the rest will get sold or given to friends/family.

Truck Stuff

Roof rack £150.00 off eBay + plus collection. Today, I drove to Liverpool to collect a standard expedition style roofrack from a lovely couple. They had used it for family holidays for a few years and had upgraded to a posh flat one. Their Landy 110 Station Wagon was immaculate, especially next to my battered and slightly rusty looking van!

We fitted the rack over multiple conversations about Landy life and where we'd both travelled to and used ours for. Always a great conversation starter is a Landy! 

Next up is the flooring and the storage boxes/jerries needed. After multiple discussion and costing sessions, I'm going for 12mm ply, varnished and cable tied to the roof rack. I may need some side boards if I put an awning on there, but it's more likely, I'll just have a rear awning/mosi net for the cooker and a camping chair/table. 

Two aluminium storage boxes will be bolted onto the roofrack boards, (30 inch long x 13 inch high and 9.6inch deep), these cost £130, again from eBay. I'm looking at taking 3 fuel jerries, plus the afore mentioned spare tyre bolt option to hold the second spare wheel on the roof rack. I've also sent off a 16" wheel rim for a powder coating so it matches my existing ones. That will give me two spare wheels.I'll need to mount a bracket onto the roof rack board to keep this in place and a tyre cover to proect the rubber from the harsh desert UV. If the dimensions work out right, I might be able to tuck it under a solar panel, so save some space. I've yet to sort the electrics though, so no rush on that bit. 

Recovery kit is pretty specific, two 3 ton & 5 ton bow shackles, two soft shackles, one snatch ring, multiple length tow straps and some kind of snatch rope came from Lifting Supplies in Cradley Heath and Amazon. A total of around £152 for the lot including £10 postage. This will live in one of the aluminium boxes on the roof I suspect. 

The front bash guard, £117, came from Shire Fabrications near Mansfield. These have recovery points on them, but I'd also picked up two of the Nakantanga bumper recovery points for £36 off Facebook Marketplace, so I fitted those as well. Now I have 4 front recovery points and the hitch point on the rear tow bar.